- Clinical Study
- Association of Body Mass Index with the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, and All-Cause Mortality: A Community-Based Prospective Study
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Ji Cheol Bae, Nam H. Cho, Jae Hyeon Kim, Kyu Yeon Hur, Sang-Man Jin, Moon-Kyu Lee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(2):416-424. Published online June 24, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.35.2.416
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Abstract
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- Background
Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are the most important sequelae of obesity and the leading cause of death. We evaluated the association between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes, CVD, and all-cause mortality in a prospective study of a Korean population.
Methods The shapes of the associations were modeled by restricted cubic splines regression analysis. After categorizing all subjects (n=8,900) into octiles based on their BMI levels, we estimated the hazard ratio (HR) for the association of categorized BMI levels with the risk of incident CVD and type 2 diabetes using a Cox’s proportional hazard analysis.
Results The mean age of participants was 52 years and 48% were men. Of the subjects at baseline, 39.0% of men and 45.6% of women were classified as obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2). Over a mean follow-up of 8.1 years, CVD events occurred in 509 participants; 436 died; and 1,258 subjects developed type 2 diabetes. The increased risk of incident diabetes began to be significant at BMI 23 to 24 kg/m2 in both sexes (HR, 1.8). For CVD events, the risk began to increase significantly at BMI 26 to 28 kg/m2 (HR, 1.6). We found a reverse J-shaped relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality, with an increased risk among individuals with BMI values in lower range (BMI <21 kg/m2).
Conclusion These results suggest that the BMI cut-off points for observed risk were varied depending on the diseases and that the BMI classification of obesity need to be revised to reflect differential risk of obesity-related diseases.
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Citations
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Hui Luo, Yesong Liu, Xue Tian, Yuhan Zhao, Lulu Liu, Zemeng Zhao, Lili Luo, Yanmin Zhang, Xiaozhong Jiang, Yeqiang Liu, Yanxia Luo, Anxin Wang International Journal of Obesity.2024; 48(2): 263. CrossRef - Clinical characteristics and degree of cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes in Catalonia
Anna Ramírez-Morros, Josep Franch-Nadal, Jordi Real, Queralt Miró-Catalina, Magdalena Bundó, Bogdan Vlacho, Didac Mauricio Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Metabolic status indicators and influencing factors in non-obese, non-centrally obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Zhipeng Huang, Donghong Wei, Xueping Yu, Zicheng Huang, Yijie Lin, Wenji Lin, Zhijun Su, Jianjia Jiang Medicine.2023; 102(6): e32922. CrossRef - Establishment and health management application of a prediction model for high-risk complication combination of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on data mining
Xin Luo, Jijia Sun, Hong Pan, Dian Zhou, Ping Huang, Jingjing Tang, Rong Shi, Hong Ye, Ying Zhao, An Zhang, Yee Gary Ang PLOS ONE.2023; 18(8): e0289749. CrossRef - Differential Impact of Obesity on the Risk of Diabetes Development in Two Age Groups: Analysis from the National Health Screening Program
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Yaying Chen, Mengqian Guan, Ruiqi Wang, Xuewen Wang Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Body mass index at baseline directly predicts new-onset diabetes and to a lesser extent incident cardio-cerebrovascular events, but has a J-shaped relationship to all-cause mortality
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- Clinical Study
- Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide Level Is Associated with the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Sunghwan Suh, Mi Yeon Kim, Soo Kyoung Kim, Kyu Yeon Hur, Mi Kyoung Park, Duk Kyu Kim, Nam H. Cho, Moon-Kyu Lee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2016;31(1):134-141. Published online March 16, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2016.31.1.134
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Abstract
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- Background
Incretin hormone levels as a predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus have not been fully investigated. Therefore, we measured incretin hormone levels to examine the relationship between circulating incretin hormones, diabetes, and future diabetes development in this study. MethodsA nested case-control study was conducted in a Korean cohort. The study included the following two groups: the control group (n=149), the incident diabetes group (n=65). Fasting total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and total glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) levels were measured and compared between these groups. ResultsFasting total GIP levels were higher in the incident diabetes group than in the control group (32.64±22.68 pmol/L vs. 25.54±18.37 pmol/L, P=0.034). There was no statistically significant difference in fasting total GLP-1 levels between groups (1.14±1.43 pmol/L vs. 1.39±2.13 pmol/L, P=0.199). In multivariate analysis, fasting total GIP levels were associated with an increased risk of diabetes (odds ratio, 1.005; P=0.012) independent of other risk factors. ConclusionFasting total GIP levels may be a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This association persisted even after adjusting for other metabolic parameters such as elevated fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and obesity in the pre-diabetic period.
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Karlijn A. C. Meeks, Amy R. Bentley, Themistocles L. Assimes, Nora Franceschini, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Charles N. Rotimi, Ayo P. Doumatey Genome Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Glucose- and Bile Acid-Stimulated Secretion of Gut Hormones in the Isolated Perfused Intestine Is Not Impaired in Diet-Induced Obese Mice
Jenna E. Hunt, Jens J. Holst, Sara L. Jepsen Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Combined treatment with a gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor antagonist and a peptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor improves metabolic abnormalities in diabetic mice
Fei Yang, Shan Dang, Hongjun LV, Bingyin Shi Journal of International Medical Research.2021; 49(1): 030006052098566. CrossRef - Elevated levels of fasting serum GIP may be protective factors for diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus
LingHong Huang, JingXiong Zhou, Bo Liang, HuiBin Huang, LiangYi Li International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries.2021; 41(4): 543. CrossRef - Enteroendocrine K and L cells in healthy and type 2 diabetic individuals
Tina Jorsal, Nicolai A. Rhee, Jens Pedersen, Camilla D. Wahlgren, Brynjulf Mortensen, Sara L. Jepsen, Jacob Jelsing, Louise S. Dalbøge, Peter Vilmann, Hazem Hassan, Jakob W. Hendel, Steen S. Poulsen, Jens J. Holst, Tina Vilsbøll, Filip K. Knop Diabetologia.2018; 61(2): 284. CrossRef - Articles inEndocrinology and Metabolismin 2016
Won-Young Lee Endocrinology and Metabolism.2017; 32(1): 62. CrossRef
- Adrenal gland
- Using Growth Hormone Levels to Detect Macroadenoma in Patients with Acromegaly
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Ji Young Park, Jae Hyeon Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Yong-Ki Min, Myung-Shik Lee, Moon-Kyu Lee, Kwang-Won Kim
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Endocrinol Metab. 2014;29(4):450-456. Published online December 29, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2014.29.4.450
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- Background
The aim of this study was to assess the clinical differences between acromegalic patients with microadenoma and patients with macroadenoma, and to evaluate the predictive value of growth hormone (GH) levels for early detection of macroadenoma. MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 215 patients diagnosed with a GH-secreting pituitary adenoma. The patients were divided into two groups: the microadenoma group and the macroadenoma group, and the clinical parameters were compared between these two groups. The most sensitive and specific GH values for predicting macroadenoma were selected using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. ResultsCompared with the microadenoma group, the macroadenoma group had a significantly younger age, higher body mass index, higher prevalence of hyperprolactinemia and hypogonadism, and a lower proportion of positive suppression to octreotide. However, there were no significant differences in the gender or in the prevalence of diabetes between the two groups. The tumor diameter was positively correlated with all GH values during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). All GH values were significantly higher in the macroadenoma group than the microadenoma group. Cut-off values for GH levels at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes for optimal discrimination between macroadenoma and microadenoma were 5.6, 5.7, 6.3, 6.0, and 5.8 ng/mL, respectively. ROC curve analysis revealed that the GH value at 30 minutes had the highest area under the curve. ConclusionThe GH level of 5.7 ng/mL or higher at 30 minutes during OGTT could provide sufficient information to detect macroadenoma at the time of diagnosis.
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Jakob Dal, Benedikte G. Skov, Marianne Andersen, Ulla Feldt‐Rasmussen, Claus L. Feltoft, Jesper Karmisholt, Eigil H. Nielsen, Olaf M. Dekkers, Jens Otto L. Jørgensen Clinical Endocrinology.2021; 94(4): 625. CrossRef - Pretreatment serum GH levels and cardio-metabolic comorbidities in acromegaly; analysis of data from Iran Pituitary Tumor Registry
Leila Hedayati Zafarghandi, Mohammad Ebrahim Khamseh, Milad Fooladgar, Shahrzad Mohseni, Mostafa Qorbani, Nahid Hashemi Madani, Mahboobeh Hemmatabadi, MohammadReza Mohajeri-Tehrani, Nooshin Shirzad Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2020; 19(1): 319. CrossRef - Increased serum nesfatin-1 levels in patients with acromegaly
Yakun Yang, Song Han, Zuocheng Yang, Pengfei Wang, Chang-Xiang Yan, Ning Liu Medicine.2020; 99(40): e22432. CrossRef - Articles in 'Endocrinology and Metabolism' in 2014
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- Obesity and Metabolism
- Sex Factors in the Metabolic Syndrome as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease
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Sunghwan Suh, Jongha Baek, Ji Cheol Bae, Kyoung-Nyoun Kim, Mi Kyoung Park, Duk Kyu Kim, Nam H. Cho, Moon-Kyu Lee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2014;29(4):522-529. Published online December 29, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2014.29.4.522
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PDFPubReader
- Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a condition characterized by a cluster of metabolic disorders and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study analyzed data from the Korean Health and Genome Study to examine the impact of MetS on CVD. MethodsA total of 8,898 subjects (4,241 males and 4,657 females), 40 to 69 years of age, were enrolled and evaluated for the development of new onset CVD from 2001 to 2012 (median 8.1 years of follow-up). ResultsThe prevalence of MetS at baseline was 22.0% (932/4,241) and 29.7% (1,383/4,657) in males and females, respectively. MetS was associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD; hazard ratio [HR], 1.818; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.312 to 2.520 in males; HR, 1.789; 95% CI, 1.332 to 2.404 in females) and CVD (HR, 1.689; 95% CI, 1.295 to 2.204 in males; HR, 1.686; 95% CI, 1.007 to 2.192 in females). Specifically, MetS was associated with risk of future stroke in females only (HR, 1.486; 95% CI, 1.007 to 2.192). Among MetS components, abdominal obesity and hypertension were independent predictors of both CHD and CVD. In addition, a higher number of MetS components correlated with higher CVD risk. ConclusionMetS is a significant risk factor for the development of CVD although its impact varies between sexes.
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